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La rencontre imprévue
''La rencontre imprévue, ou Les pèlerins de la Mecque'' Wq. 32 (''The Unexpected Encounter, or The Pilgrims to Mecca'') is a three-act ''opéra comique'', composed in 1763 by Christoph Willibald Gluck to a libretto by Louis Dancourt after the 1726 ''comédie en vaudeville'' ''Les pèlerins de la Mecque'' by Alain René Lesage and d'Orneval. The death of Isabella of Parma, the archduke's wife, occasioned a revision of the spoken text downplaying the feigned death by which princess Rezia tests her beloved. The work was first performed in this form as ''La rencontre imprévue'' at the Burgtheater, Vienna on January 7, 1764. Dancourt's original text, titled ''Les pèlerins de la Mecque'' and designated as a ''comédie mêlée d'ariettes'', was not premiered until 1990 (see Recordings).〔Brown 1992, pp. 1288–1289; Loewenberg 1978, column 275 (after Lesage's ''vaudeville'').〕
==Performance history==
Gluck's longest ''opéra-comique'' and considered his finest, ''La rencontre imprévue'' was his most popular work in the genre in the 18th century. It was performed in French in Brussels (1766), Bordeaux (as ''Ali et Rezia'', 19 May 1766), Amsterdam (1768), The Hague (1768), Mannheim (1768), Copenhagen (1772), Liège (23 December 1776), Cassel (1780), Lille (17 November 1783), and Marseilles (1784). It was translated into German as ''Die unvermuthete Zusammenkunft oder Die Pilgrimme von Mecca'' and performed in Frankfurt (16 April 1771), Vienna (1776 at the Kärntnertor Theater; 26 July 1780 at the Burgtheater), Munich (9 March 1779), Berlin (17 October 1783, the first Gluck opera to be performed there), and many other cities.〔Loewenberg 1978, columns 275–276.〕
The opera was first performed in Paris on 1 May 1790 by the Opéra-Comique at the first Salle Favart in an arrangement by Jean-Pierre Solié with the title ''Les fous de Médine, ou La rencontre imprévue''.〔Wild & Charlton 2005, pp. 262–263.〕 It was revived by the Opéra-Comique in Gluck's arrangement (as ''Les pèlerins de la Mecque'') on 20 December 1906, and also produced at the Trianon Lyrique on 8 November 1923.〔Wolff 1953, pp. 149–150; Loewenberg 1978, column 276.〕
A new German translation by Carl Hagemann with the title ''Die Pilger von Mekka'' was performed in Wiesbaden (October 1922), Basle (26 September 1924), Berlin (18 February 1928), and Vienna (June 1931).〔〔''Die Pilger von Mekka'', ; Carl Hagemann (1871–1946): (WorldCat ID ), (VIAF ), (Library of Congress Name File ). Not to be confused with Carl Hagemann (1867–1940).〕
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